A branchial cleft cyst is a fluid-filled lump in the neck or below the jaw. These cysts form before birth when tissues in the neck area do not develop normally. They usually develop on one side of the neck, but can occur on both sides. The cysts are usually painless but can cause pain if they become infected.
Branchial cleft cysts are something a baby is born with, but they may be diagnosed at any age.
Would you like to schedule an appointment for Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) care?
What are the signs and symptoms of branchial cleft cysts?
- A small lump, pit or mass on the side of the neck below the jawbone
- Drainage from a small opening or pit on the neck
- Noisy breathing (if a cyst blocks part of the airway)
What causes branchial cleft cysts?
Branchial cleft cysts occur while a baby is still developing. They develop when the tissues in the throat and neck do not grow together properly. These tissues form pockets that contain cells from other areas of the throat and neck.
How are branchial cleft cysts treated?
The options to treat branchial cleft cysts may vary depending on whether they become infected and their size. Some cysts may need no treatment.
- A doctor may prescribe antibiotics if the cysts become infected.
- Surgery may be needed to remove the cysts if they become infected often.
Doctors at Connecticut Children’s can determine the right plan if your child requires treatment for a branchial cleft cyst.